# 文本（String） ```{note} 这里主要是对 LNG 语言文件的介绍。OpenTTD 游戏本体（与改版）也使用相同的语言文件和格式。 ``` ```{caution} YAGL 使用不同的语言格式，一些关键字与 LNG 语言文件有所出入。如要了解，请查看下方的章节 ``` LNG 语言文件遵循一套简单明了的格式。其格式如下： ```none ##grflangid 0x01 # 语言代码（简体中文为 0x56） ##plural 0 # 复数形式（中文可省略） ##gender 0 # 性别（中文可省略） STR_STRING_0 :字符串一 # 定义字符串 str_string_1 :字符串二 # 也可以使用小写 ``` 我们建议在给字符串命名的时候遵循统一的格式，最好将所有字符串以`STR`开头以避免常量冲突。\ 关键字也可以取不同的前缀，如 JP+ Shinkansen 和 JP+ Major Private Companies 就采用了`LV`这个前缀代表用于表示涂装的字符串。 ## 编写语言文本：正确使用 LNG 文件 LNG 文件易于使用。在使用 NML 编写 GRF 的时候，在默认情况下，NML 会从 根目录下的`lang`文件夹中读取所有的文本。一般而言，英语是默认文本。如果缺少`english.lng`文件则 nmlc 会报错。 一般而言，必须要在编写好`english.lng`之后，再编写其他语言文件（包括中文）。 ## custom_tags.txt：LNG 的宏 你可以使用`custom_tags.txt`来为文本文件创建“宏”，就像这样： ```bash # custom_tags.txt # 我们可以在这里定义一些常用的东西，比如 GRF 名称和版本号 VERSION :1.14.514 DATE :2023/02/31 URL :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ ``` 而在 LNG 文件里面，就可以这样使用 ```bash ##grflangid 0x56 STR_GRF_NAME :示例 GRF {VERSION} STR_GRF_DESC :示例 GRF {VERSION}，写于 {DATE} STR_GRF_URL :{URL} ``` 采用`custom_tags.txt`管理这些标签，有助于时刻保持语言文件更新并且可以节省劳力。经过 NMLC 处理后，以上文本就会变成： ```bash ##grflangid 0x56 STR_GRF_NAME :示例 GRF 1.14.514 STR_GRF_DESC :示例 GRF 1.14.514，写于 2023/02/31 STR_GRF_URL :https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ ``` >[!IMPORTANT] > nmlc 无法正确处理`custom_tags.txt`中包含的语言关键字。如，你如果定义了`COLOUR:{WHITE}`则在最终的文本里会原模原样地输入，而不会将你 > 的文本变成白色。 ## 其他事项 在编写语言文件的时候，由于作者不可能同时精通多门语言（你给我找一个精通八国语言的过来），因此和翻译者维持良好的关系非常重要。 ## LNG 语言文件使用的关键字 | 关键字 | 作用 | |-------------|------------------------------------------------------------------| | （空） | 写做`{}`，用来新建一行。 | | NBSP | Non-breaking space，即“不换行空格”。 | | { | 一个左大括号，写做`{{}` | | COPYRIGHT | 版权标志（©） | | TRAIN | 火车标志 | | LORRY | 卡车标志 | | BUS | 巴士标志 | | PLANE | 飞机标志 | | SHIP | 轮船标志 | | TINYFONT | 转换为小字体 | | BIGFONT | 转换为大字体 | | BLUE | 转换为蓝色文本 | | SILVER | 转换为银色文本 | | GOLD | 转换为金色文本 | | RED | 转换为红色文本 | | PURPLE | 转换为紫色文本 | | LTBROWN | 转换为淡棕色文本 | | ORANGE | 转换为橙色文本 | | GREEN | 转换为绿色文本 | | YELLOW | 转换为黄色文本 | | DKGREEN | 转换为深绿色文本 | | CREAM | 转换为奶油色文本 | | BROWN | 转换为棕色文本 | | WHITE | 转换为白色文本 | | LTBLUE | 转换为淡蓝色文本 | | GRAY | 转换为灰色文本 | | DKBLUE | 转换为深蓝色文本 | | BLACK | 转换为黑色文本 | | PUSH_COLOUR | 自 OpenTTD 1.10 之后可用，TTDPatch 不可用。将当前颜色推入颜色栈中。 | | POP_COLOUR | 自 OpenTTD 1.10 之后可用，TTDPatch 不可用。将当前颜色自颜色栈中移除。 | ## YAGL 使用的关键字 基本字符串关键字： | 编号 | 参数数目 | 名称 | 简介 | |------|----------|--------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 0x01 | 01 | x-off | X offset in next byte of string (variable space) | | 0x0D | 00 | new-line | 换行 | | 0x0E | 00 | small-font | 切换为小号字体 | | 0x0F | 00 | large-font | 切换为大号字体 | | 0x1F | 02 | xy-offs | X and Y offsets in next two bytes of string | | 0x22 | 00 | dq | Double quote | | 0x7B | 00 | sd | Print signed dword | | 0x7C | 00 | sw | Print signed word | | 0x7D | 00 | sb | Print signed byte | | 0x7E | 00 | uw | Print unsigned word | | 0x7F | 00 | sd-currency | Print dword in currency units | | 0x80 | 00 | substring1 | Print substring (text ID from stack) | | 0x81 | 02 | substring2 | Print substring (text ID in next 2 bytes of string) | | 0x82 | 00 | d-m-year | Print date (day, month, year) (based on year 1920) | | 0x83 | 00 | m-year | Print short date (month and year) (based on year 1920) | | 0x84 | 00 | sw-speed | Print signed word in speed units | | 0x85 | 00 | discard | Discard next word from stack | | 0x86 | 00 | rotate | Rotate down top 4 words on stack | | 0x87 | 00 | sw-litres | Print signed word in litres | | 0x88 | 00 | blue | 蓝色 | | 0x89 | 00 | lt-gray | 淡灰色 | | 0x8A | 00 | gold | 金色（淡橙色） | | 0x8B | 00 | red | 红色 | | 0x8C | 00 | purple | 紫色 | | 0x8D | 00 | gray-green | 绿灰色 | | 0x8E | 00 | orange | 橙色 | | 0x8F | 00 | green | 绿色 | | 0x90 | 00 | yellow | 黄色 | | 0x91 | 00 | lt-green | 淡绿色 | | 0x92 | 00 | red-brown | 红棕色 | | 0x93 | 00 | brown | 棕色 | | 0x94 | 00 | white | 白色 | | 0x95 | 00 | lt-blue | 淡蓝色 | | 0x96 | 00 | dk-gray | 深灰色 | | 0x97 | 00 | mauve | 紫灰色 | | 0x98 | 00 | black | 黑色 | | 0x99 | 01 | switch-cc | 转换为 company colour that follows in next byte (enabled by enhancegui) | | 0x9A | 00 | ext | Prefix for extended format code, eg. {ext uw-tonnes} | | 0x9E | 00 | euro | Euro character | | 0x9F | 00 | Y-umlaut | Capital Y umlaut | | 0xA0 | 00 | scroll-up | Scroll button up | | 0xAA | 00 | scroll-down | Scroll button down | | 0xAC | 00 | tick | Tick mark | | 0xAD | 00 | x | X mark | | 0xAF | 00 | scroll-right | Scroll button right | | 0xB4 | 00 | train | Train symbol | | 0xB5 | 00 | truck | Truck symbol | | 0xB6 | 00 | bus | Bus symbol | | 0xB7 | 00 | plane | Plane symbol | | 0xB8 | 00 | ship | Ship symbol | | 0xB9 | 00 | super-1 | Superscript -1 | | 0xBC | 00 | small-up | Small scroll button up | | 0xBD | 00 | small-down | Small scroll button down | 拓展字符串关键字： | 编号 | 参数数目 | 名称 | 简介 | |------|----------|----------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 0x00 | 00 | 64-currency0 | Display 64-bit value from stack in currency units | | 0x01 | 00 | 64-currency1 | Display 64-bit value from stack in currency units | | 0x02 | 00 | ignore-colour | Ignore next colour byte. Multiple instances will skip multiple colour bytes. | | 0x03 | 02 | push-w | WORD Push WORD onto the 文本 ref stack | | 0x04 | 01 | unprint-b | BYTE Un-print the previous BYTE characters. | | 0x05 | 00 | internal5 | For internal use only. Not valid in GRF files. | | 0x06 | 00 | b-hex | Print byte in hex | | 0x07 | 00 | w-hex | Print word in hex | | 0x08 | 00 | d-hex | Print dword in hex | | 0x09 | 00 | internal9 | For internal use only. Usage in NewGRFs will most likely crash TTDPatch. | | 0x0A | 00 | internalA | For internal use only. Usage in NewGRFs will most likely crash TTDPatch. | | 0x0B | 00 | 64-hex | Print 64-bit value in hex | | 0x0C | 00 | station | Print name of station with id in next 文本 refstack word | | 0x0D | 00 | uw-tonnes | Print unsigned word in tonnes | | 0x0E | 01 | gender | Set gender of string, NewGRF internal ID in next byte. Must be first in a string. | | 0x0F | 01 | case | Select case for next substring, NewGRF internal ID in next byte | | 0x10 | 01 | list-value | Begin choice list value, NewGRF internal ID in next byte | | 0x11 | 00 | list-default | Begin choice list default | | 0x12 | 00 | end-list | End choice list | | 0x13 | 01 | gender-list | Begin gender choice list, stack offset of substring to get gender from in next byte | | 0x14 | 00 | case-list | Begin case choice list | | 0x15 | 01 | plural-list | Begin plural choice list, stack offset of value to get plural for in next byte | | 0x16 | 00 | dw-date | Print dword as date (day, month, year) (based on year 0) | | 0x17 | 00 | dw-short-date | Print dword as short date (month and year) (based on year 0) | | 0x18 | 00 | uw-hp | Print unsigned word in horse power | | 0x19 | 00 | uw-volume | Print unsigned word as short volume | | 0x1A | 00 | uw-weight | Print unsigned word as short weight | | 0x1B | 00 | dw-cargo-long | Use two words to print an amount of cargo (long form: '10 bags of mail'). | | 0x1C | 00 | dw-cargo-short | Use two words to print an amount of cargo (short form: '10 bags'). | | 0x1D | 00 | dw-cargo-tiny | Use two words to print an amount of cargo (tiny form: '10'). | | 0x1E | 00 | uw-cargo-type | Print unsigned word as name of a cargo type. | | 0x1F | 00 | push-colour | Push current colour onto colour stack. Use this if you need to switch colour and restore later. | | 0x20 | 00 | pop-colour | Pop last colour from colour stack. Use this to restore previous colour. | | 0x21 | 00 | uw-force-value | Print unsigned dword from stack as force. | 使用关键字的样例： ```text name: "Ridiculous Town Names {ext push-colour}{blue}1.2.3{ext pop-colour}"; ``` ## 语言代码 | ID | 语言 | 语法格 | 性别形式 | 复数形式 | |--------|--------------------------|--------|----------|----------| | 0C | Chinese (Traditional) | | | 1 | | **56** | **Chinese (Simplified)** | | | **1** | | ID | language | cases | genders | plural form | |----|------------------------|---------------------------------------|---------------------------|-------------| | 00 | English (US) | | | | | 01 | English (GB) | | | | | 02 | German | | m w n p | | | 03 | French | | m m2 f | 2 | | 04 | Spanish | | m f | | | 05 | Esperanto | | | n | | 06 | Ido | | | | | 07 | Russian | m f n p nom gen dat acc abl pre | m f n p | 6 | | 08 | Irish | | | 4 | | 09 | Maltese | | | 12 | | 0A | Tamil | | | | | 0B | Chuvash | | | | | 0C | Chinese (Traditional) | | | 1 | | 0D | Serbian | nom big gen dat aku vok lok ins | muški ženski srednji | 6 | | 0E | Norwegian (Nynorsk) | small | masculine feminine neuter | | | 0F | Welsh | | | | | 10 | Belarusian | m f n p nom gen dat acc abl pre | m f n p | 6 | | 11 | Marathi | | | | | 12 | Faroese | | m f n | | | 13 | Scottish Gaelic | dat gen nom voc | m f | 13 | | 14 | Arabic (Egypt) | | | 1 | | 15 | Czech | nom gen dat acc voc loc ins big small | m f n map mnp fp np | 10 | | 16 | Slovak | g | m z s | 10 | | 17 | Hindi | | | | | 18 | Bulgarian | m f n p | m f n p | | | 1B | Afrikaans | | male | | | 1E | Greek | subs date geniki | m f n | 2 | | 1F | Dutch | | | | | 21 | Basque | | | | | 22 | Catalan | | Masculin Femenin | | | 23 | Luxembourgish | | | | | 24 | Hungarian | t ba | | 2 | | 26 | Macedonian | | | | | 27 | Italian | ms mp fs fp | m ma f | | | 28 | Romanian | | | | | 29 | Icelandic | | karlkyn kvenkyn hvorugkyn | | | 2A | Latvian | kas | m f | 3 | | 2B | Lithuanian | kas ko kam ka kuo kur kreip | vyr mot | 5 | | 2C | Slovenian | r d t | | 8 | | 2D | Danish | | | | | 2E | Swedish | | | | | 2F | Norwegian (Bokmal) | small | masculine feminine neuter | | | 30 | Polish | d c b n m w | m f n | 7 | | 31 | Galician | | m f n | | | 32 | Frisian | | | | | 33 | Ukrainian | r d z | m f s mn | 6 | | 34 | Estonian | g in sü | | | | 35 | Finnish | | | | | 36 | Portuguese | | n m f mp fp | | | 37 | Brazilian Portuguese | | m f | 2 | | 38 | Croatian | nom gen dat aku vok lok ins | male female middle | 6 | | 39 | Japanese | | | 1 | | 3A | Korean | | m f | 11 | | 3C | Malay | | | | | 3D | English (AU) | | | | | 3E | Turkish | tamlanan | | 1 | | 42 | Thai | | | 1 | | 54 | Vietnamese | | | 1 | | 55 | Mexican Spanish | | m f | 0 | | 56 | Chinese (Simplified) | | | 1 | | 5A | Indonesian | | | 1 | | 5C | Urdu | | m f | | | 61 | Hebrew | singular plural gen | m f | | | 62 | Persian | | | | | 66 | Latin | gen acc abl dat | m f n mp fp np | |